Dirty Air in the Arapaho Language?

The Boulder Valley was known to the Arapaho tribe as “The People of the Bison,” or “Hinono’eino” in their language. I have not come across any historical references indicating that the Boulder Valley was specifically known as “dirty air” to the Arapaho or any other Native American tribes, contrary to local myth. Is Niwot Everywhere In Boulder? YES!!! Chief Niwot of the Northern Arapaho was a leading, respected, and brilliant leader of the Arapaho. He was known as a peacemaker.

The Arapaho were well-acquainted with the Boulder Valley and other areas of present-day Colorado, utilizing the land for hunting, gathering, and as part of their seasonal migratory patterns. Their deep connection to the land was reflected in their names and stories about the region, but there is no evidence supporting the name “dirty air” for the Boulder Valley in historical records.

Sand Creek Massacre Anniversary

The Sand Creek Massacre, occurring on November 29, 1864, remains one of the darkest chapters in U.S. history. Colorado Territory militia attacked a peaceful Cheyenne and Arapaho village, killing over 230 men, women, and children despite the tribes displaying symbols of surrender. The atrocity highlighted systemic violence against Indigenous peoples and the betrayal of their trust in government promises.

Commemorating the anniversary is vital for acknowledging this injustice, honoring the victims, and fostering healing. It provides an opportunity to educate, reflect, and advocate for reconciliation and respect for Indigenous histories and rights. Recognizing this history is crucial to ensuring accountability and progress.

Lenny Lensworth Frieling

Shared Knowledge Is Power!

Leonard Frieling Pen Of Justice

• Multi-published and syndicated blogger and author.
• University lectures at University. of Colorado, Boulder, Denver University Law School, Univ. of New Mexico, Las Vegas NM, and many other schools at all levels. Numerous lectures for the NORML Legal Committee
• Former Judge
• Media work, including episodes of Fox’s Power of Attorney, well in excess of many hundreds media interviews, appearances, articles, and podcasts, including co-hosting Time For Hemp for two years.
• Life Member, NORML Legal Committee, Distinguished Counsel Circle.
• Photographer of the Year, AboutBoulder 2023
• First Chair and Originator of the Colorado Bar Association’s Cannabis Law Committee, a National first.
• Previous Chair, Boulder Criminal Defense Bar (8 years)
• Twice chair Executive Counsel, Colorado Bar Association Criminal Law Section
• Life Member, Colorado Criminal Defense Bar
• Board Member Emeritus, Colorado NORML, and prior chair during legalization, as well as pre and post legalization
• Chair, Colorado NORML, 7 years including during the successful effort to legalize recreational pot in Colorado
• Senior Counsel Emeritus to the Boulder Law firm Dolan + Zimmerman LLP : (720)-610-0951
• Board member, Author, and Editor for Criminal Law Articles for the Colorado Lawyer, primary publication of the Colorado Bar Assoc. 7 Years, in addition to having 2 Colorado Lawyer cover photos, and numerous articles for the Colorado Lawyer monthly publication.
• http://www.Lfrieling.com